USAF 1951 vs ISO 12233: Which Resolution Target Should You Use?
USAF 1951 and ISO 12233 both measure resolution, but differently: USAF is a visual, pass/fail limit in line pairs per millimetre from three-bar targets; ISO 12233 is an automated MTF/SFR curve from slanted edges. USAF suits optical hardware, microscopy and quick bench checks; ISO 12233 suits digital camera and lens image-quality testing. A neutral comparison to help you pick — with each pointing to the right target.